Nuclear Waste Management Market 2020-2027 by Waste Type (LLW, ILW, HLW), Source (Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Research, Military), Reactor Type (PWR, BWR, PHWR, HTGCR, LMFBR), and Region: Trend Outlook and Growth Opportunity
- Report ID: 3402
- Date: Sep, 2021
- Pages: 155
- Category: Energy & Power
Global nuclear waste management market will reach $48.6 billion by 2027, growing by 2.8% annually over 2020-2027 driven by the rising demand for clean energy and an increasing number of nuclear-decommissioning projects.
Highlighted with 99 tables and 73 figures, this 155-page report “Global Nuclear Waste Management Market 2020-2027 by Waste Type (LLW, ILW, HLW), Source (Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Research, Military), Reactor Type (PWR, BWR, PHWR, HTGCR, LMFBR), and Region: Trend Outlook and Growth Opportunity” is based on a comprehensive research of the entire global nuclear waste management market and all its sub-segments through extensively detailed classifications. Profound analysis and assessment are generated from premium primary and secondary information sources with inputs derived from industry professionals across the value chain.
The report is based on studies on 2017-2019 and provides estimate/forecast from 2020 till 2027 with 2019 as the base year. (Please note: The report will be updated before delivery so that the latest historical year is the base year and the forecast covers at least 5 years over the base year.)
In-depth qualitative analyses include identification and investigation of the following aspects:
• Market Structure
• Growth Drivers
• Restraints and Challenges
• Emerging Product Trends & Market Opportunities
• Porter’s Fiver Forces
The trend and outlook of global market is forecast in optimistic, balanced, and conservative view by taking into account of COVID-19. The balanced (most likely) projection is used to quantify global nuclear waste management market in every aspect of the classification from perspectives of by Waste Type, Source, Reactor Type, and Region.
Based on Waste Type, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue for 2017-2027 included in each section.
• Low-level Waste (LLW)
• Intermediate-level Waste (ILW)
• High-level Waste (HLW)
Based on Source, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue for 2017-2027 included in each section.
• Nuclear Fuel Cycle
o Radioactive Mining, Milling & Extracting Activities
o Nuclear Power Reactors
• Research, Medical & Industrial Source
• Military & Defense Programs
• Other Sources
Based on Reactor Type, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue for 2017-2027 included in each section.
• Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)
• Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)
• Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)
• High-temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGCR)
• Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR)
Geographically, the following regions together with the listed national/local markets are fully investigated:
• APAC (Japan, China, South Korea, Pakistan, India, and Rest of APAC)
• Europe (Germany, UK, France, Ukraine, Sweden, Russia, Rest of Europe)
• North America (U.S., Canada, and Mexico)
• South America (Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Rest of South America)
• MEA (UAE, Iran, South Africa)
For each aforementioned region and country, detailed analysis and data for annual revenue are available for 2017-2027. The breakdown of all regional markets by country and split of key national markets by Waste Type, Source, and Reactor Type over the forecast years are also included.
The report also covers current competitive scenario and the predicted trend; and profiles key vendors including market leaders and important emerging players.
Key Players (this may not be a complete list and extra companies can be added upon request):
AREVA S.A.
Bechtel Group Inc.
Chase Environmental Group
Enercon Services Inc.
EnergySolutions
Fluor Corporation
GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH
Magnox Technologies Pvt Ltd
NUKEM Technologies
Perma-Fix Environmental Services
Studsvik AB
Veolia Environment SA
Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Toshiba)
(Please note: The report will be updated before delivery so that the latest historical year is the base year and the forecast covers at least 5 years over the base year.)
1.1 Industry Definition and Research Scope 9
1.1.1 Industry Definition 9
1.1.2 Research Scope 10
1.2 Research Methodology 13
1.2.1 Overview of Market Research Methodology 13
1.2.2 Market Assumption 14
1.2.3 Secondary Data 14
1.2.4 Primary Data 14
1.2.5 Data Filtration and Model Design 15
1.2.6 Market Size/Share Estimation 16
1.2.7 Research Limitations 17
1.3 Executive Summary 18
2 Market Overview and Dynamics 20
2.1 Market Size and Forecast 20
2.1.1 Impact of COVID-19 on World Economy 25
2.1.2 Impact of COVID-19 on the Market 27
2.2 Major Growth Drivers 29
2.3 Market Restraints and Challenges 34
2.4 Emerging Opportunities and Market Trends 37
2.5 Porter’s Fiver Forces Analysis 41
3 Segmentation of Global Market by Waste Type 45
3.1 Market Overview by Waste Type 45
3.2 Low-level Waste (LLW) 47
3.3 Intermediate-level Waste (ILW) 48
3.4 High-level Waste (HLW) 49
4 Segmentation of Global Market by Source 50
4.1 Market Overview by Source 50
4.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle 52
4.3 Research, Medical & Industrial Source 53
4.4 Military & Defense Programs 54
4.5 Other Sources 55
5 Segmentation of Global Market by Reactor Type 56
5.1 Market Overview by Reactor Type 56
5.2 Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) 58
5.3 Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) 59
5.4 Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) 60
5.5 High-temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGCR) 61
5.6 Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) 62
6 Segmentation of Global Market by Region 63
6.1 Geographic Market Overview 2020-2027 63
6.2 North America Market 2020-2027 by Country 67
6.2.1 Overview of North America Market 67
6.2.2 U.S. 70
6.2.3 Canada 74
6.2.4 Mexico 76
6.3 European Market 2020-2027 by Country 78
6.3.1 Overview of European Market 78
6.3.2 UK 81
6.3.3 France 84
6.3.4 Germany 86
6.3.5 Ukraine 88
6.3.6 Sweden 90
6.3.7 Russia 92
6.3.8 Rest of European Market 96
6.4 Asia-Pacific Market 2020-2027 by Country 97
6.4.1 Overview of Asia-Pacific Market 97
6.4.2 China 100
6.4.3 Japan 103
6.4.4 India 106
6.4.5 Pakistan 109
6.4.6 South Korea 111
6.4.7 Rest of APAC Region 114
6.5 South America Market 2020-2027 by Country 115
6.5.1 Argentina 118
6.5.2 Brazil 121
6.5.3 Colombia 124
6.5.4 Rest of South America Market 126
6.6 MEA Market 2020-2027 by Country 127
6.6.1 UAE 130
6.6.2 Iran 132
6.6.3 South Africa 134
6.6.4 Other National Markets 136
7 Competitive Landscape 137
7.1 Overview of Key Vendors 137
7.2 New Product Launch, Partnership, Investment, and M&A 140
7.3 Company Profiles 141
AREVA S.A. 141
Bechtel Group Inc. 143
Chase Environmental Group 144
Enercon Services Inc. 145
EnergySolutions 146
Fluor Corporation 147
GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH 148
Magnox Technologies Pvt Ltd 149
NUKEM Technologies 150
Perma-Fix Environmental Services 151
Studsvik AB 152
Veolia Environment SA 153
Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Toshiba) 154
Related Reports and Products 155
List of Tables
Table 1. Snapshot of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market in Balanced Perspective, 2020-2027 19Table 2. World Announced Nuclear Plant Construction, 2021-2027 23
Table 3. Growth Rate of World GDP, 2020-2022 26
Table 4. Main Product Trends and Market Opportunities in Global Nuclear Waste Management Market 37
Table 5. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 45
Table 6. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 50
Table 7. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Nuclear Fuel Cycle by Segment, 2017-2027, $ mn 52
Table 8. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 56
Table 9. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Region, 2017-2027, $ mn 64
Table 10. Leading National Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2020 and 2027, $ mn 66
Table 11. North America Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2017-2027, $ mn 69
Table 12. Nuclear Power and Demonstration Reactors Undergoing Decommissioning in United States, May 2020 72
Table 13. Research and Test Reactors Undergoing Decommissioning in United States, May 2020 72
Table 14. U.S. Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 73
Table 15. U.S. Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 73
Table 16. U.S. Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 73
Table 17. Canada Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 75
Table 18. Canada Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 75
Table 19. Canada Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 75
Table 20. Mexico Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 77
Table 21. Mexico Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 77
Table 22. Mexico Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 77
Table 23. Europe Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2017-2027, $ mn 80
Table 24. Power Reactors Under Construction in UK 82
Table 25. UK Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 83
Table 26. UK Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 83
Table 27. UK Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 83
Table 28. France Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 85
Table 29. France Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 85
Table 30. France Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 85
Table 31. Germany Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 87
Table 32. Germany Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 87
Table 33. Germany Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 87
Table 34. Ukraine Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 89
Table 35. Ukraine Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 89
Table 36. Ukraine Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 89
Table 37. Sweden Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 91
Table 38. Sweden Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 91
Table 39. Sweden Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 91
Table 40. Nuclear Power Reactors Planned or Proposed in Russia 93
Table 41. Nuclear Power Reactors under Construction in Russia 94
Table 42. Russia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 95
Table 43. Russia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 95
Table 44. Russia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 95
Table 45. APAC Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2017-2027, $ mn 99
Table 46. Low and Intermediate Waste Disposal Sites in China 101
Table 47. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities in China 101
Table 48. China Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 102
Table 49. China Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 102
Table 50. China Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 102
Table 51. Spent Fuel Facilities in Japan 104
Table 52. Major Nuclear Power Reactors in Decommissioning Phase in Japan 104
Table 53. Japan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 105
Table 54. Japan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 105
Table 55. Japan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 105
Table 56. Spent Fuel Facilities in India 107
Table 57. India Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 108
Table 58. India Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 108
Table 59. India Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 108
Table 60. Pakistan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 110
Table 61. Pakistan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 110
Table 62. Pakistan Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 110
Table 63. Nuclear Research Undergoing Decommissioning in South Korea, May 2020 112
Table 64. South Korea Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 113
Table 65. South Korea Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 113
Table 66. South Korea Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 113
Table 67. South America Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2017-2027, $ mn 117
Table 68. Nuclear Power Reactors Planned & Under Construction in Argentina 119
Table 69. Nuclear Power Operable Reactors in Argentina 119
Table 70. Spent Fuel Storage Facility in Argentina 119
Table 71. Argentina Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 120
Table 72. Argentina Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 120
Table 73. Argentina Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 120
Table 74. Nuclear Power Reactors Under Construction in Brazil 122
Table 75. Nuclear Power Operable Reactors in Brazil 122
Table 76. Brazil Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 123
Table 77. Brazil Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 123
Table 78. Brazil Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 123
Table 79. Colombia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 125
Table 80. Colombia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 125
Table 81. Colombia Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 125
Table 82. MEA Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2017-2027, $ mn 129
Table 83. Nuclear Power Reactors Under Construction and Planned in UAE 130
Table 84. UAE Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 131
Table 85. UAE Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 131
Table 86. UAE Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 131
Table 87. Nuclear Power Reactors Under Construction in Iran 132
Table 88. Iran Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 133
Table 89. Iran Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 133
Table 90. Iran Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 133
Table 91. Nuclear Power Reactors Operating in South Africa 134
Table 92. South Africa Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 135
Table 93. South Africa Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 135
Table 94. South Africa Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2017-2027, $ mn 135
Table 96. AREVA S.A.: Company Snapshot 141
Table 97. AREVA S.A.: Business Segmentation 141
Table 98. AREVA S.A.: Product Portfolio 142
Table 99. AREVA S.A.: Revenue, 2017-2019, $ mn 142
List of Figures
Figure 1. Research Method Flow Chart 13Figure 2. Bottom-up Approach and Top-down Approach for Market Estimation 16
Figure 3. Global Market Forecast in Optimistic, Conservative and Balanced Perspectives, 2020-2027 18
Figure 4. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 20
Figure 5. Number of Operable Nuclear Reactors Worldwide, 1970-2020 21
Figure 6. Impact of COVID-19 on Business 27
Figure 7. Primary Drivers and Impact Factors of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market 29
Figure 8. Worldwide Nuclear Electricity Production, TWh, 1970-2019 31
Figure 9. Worldwide Nuclear Generation by Country, TWh, 2019 32
Figure 10. World Nuclear Electricity Production by Region, 2019, % 33
Figure 11. Primary Restraints and Impact Factors of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market 34
Figure 12. Investment Opportunity Analysis 38
Figure 13. Porter’s Fiver Forces Analysis of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market 41
Figure 14. Breakdown of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2020-2027, % of Revenue 45
Figure 15. Contribution to Global 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Waste Type, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 46
Figure 16. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Low-level Waste (LLW), 2017-2027, $ mn 47
Figure 17. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Intermediate-level Waste (ILW), 2017-2027, $ mn 48
Figure 18. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: High-level Waste (HLW), 2017-2027, $ mn 49
Figure 19. Breakdown of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Source, 2020-2027, % of Revenue 50
Figure 20. Contribution to Global 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Source, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 51
Figure 21. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Nuclear Fuel Cycle, 2017-2027, $ mn 52
Figure 22. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Research, Medical & Industrial Source, 2017-2027, $ mn 53
Figure 23. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Military & Defense Programs, 2017-2027, $ mn 54
Figure 24. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Other Sources, 2017-2027, $ mn 55
Figure 25. Breakdown of Global Nuclear Waste Management Market by Reactor Type, 2020-2027, % of Revenue 56
Figure 26. Contribution to Global 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Reactor Type, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 57
Figure 27. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), 2017-2027, $ mn 58
Figure 28. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), 2017-2027, $ mn 59
Figure 29. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), 2017-2027, $ mn 60
Figure 30. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: High-temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGCR), 2017-2027, $ mn 61
Figure 31. Global Nuclear Waste Management Market: Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR), 2017-2027, $ mn 62
Figure 32. Global Market Snapshot by Region 63
Figure 33. Geographic Spread of Worldwide Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2020-2027, % of Revenue 64
Figure 34. Contribution to Global 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Region, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 65
Figure 35. North American Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 68
Figure 36. Breakdown of North America Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2020 and 2027, % of Revenue 68
Figure 37. Contribution to North America 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 69
Figure 38. U.S. Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 71
Figure 39. Canada Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 74
Figure 40. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Mexico, 2017-2027, $ mn 76
Figure 41. European Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 79
Figure 42. Breakdown of European Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2020 and 2027, % of Revenue 79
Figure 43. Contribution to Europe 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 80
Figure 44. Nuclear Waste Management Market in UK, 2017-2027, $ mn 82
Figure 45. Nuclear Waste Management Market in France, 2017-2027, $ mn 84
Figure 46. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Germany, 2017-2027, $ mn 86
Figure 47. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Ukraine, 2017-2027, $ mn 88
Figure 48. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Sweden, 2017-2027, $ mn 90
Figure 49. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Russia, 2017-2027, $ mn 92
Figure 50. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Rest of Europe, 2017-2027, $ mn 96
Figure 51. Asia-Pacific Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 98
Figure 52. Breakdown of APAC Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2020 and 2027, % of Revenue 98
Figure 53. Contribution to APAC 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 99
Figure 54. Nuclear Waste Management Market in China, 2017-2027, $ mn 100
Figure 55. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Japan, 2017-2027, $ mn 103
Figure 56. Nuclear Waste Management Market in India, 2017-2027, $ mn 106
Figure 57. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Pakistan, 2017-2027, $ mn 109
Figure 58. Nuclear Waste Management Market in South Korea, 2017-2027, $ mn 111
Figure 59. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Rest of APAC, 2017-2027, $ mn 114
Figure 60. South America Nuclear Waste Management Market, 2017-2027, $ mn 116
Figure 61. Breakdown of South America Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2020 and 2027, % of Revenue 116
Figure 62. Contribution to South America 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 117
Figure 63. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Argentina, 2017-2027, $ mn 118
Figure 64. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Brazil, 2017-2027, $ mn 121
Figure 65. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Colombia, 2017-2027, $ mn 124
Figure 66. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Rest of South America, 2017-2027, $ mn 126
Figure 67. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Middle East and Africa (MEA), 2017-2027, $ mn 128
Figure 68. Breakdown of MEA Nuclear Waste Management Market by Country, 2020 and 2027, % of Revenue 128
Figure 69. Contribution to MEA 2021-2027 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 129
Figure 70. Nuclear Waste Management Market in UAE, 2017-2027, $ mn 130
Figure 71. Nuclear Waste Management Market in Iran, 2017-2027, $ mn 132
Figure 72. Nuclear Waste Management Market in South Africa, 2017-2027, $ mn 134
Figure 73. Growth Stage of Global Nuclear Waste Management Industry over the Forecast Period 137
Research methodology is mainly referring to the practical how of any offered piece of research. More specifically, it’s all about how a researcher systematically designs a study in order to assure extremely valid as well as reliable results that ultimately address the targets and objectives of the research.
In any formal research including academic journal, article, dissertation and so on, there will be a special section on a research methodology that mainly describes what, by whom, how to gather as well as how to evaluate the data are provided.
This research methodology has been segmented into following types:
Primary Research:
It is said to be original information that the researchers collect for the crucial purposes of answering the research questions of readers with the help of surveys, observations and experiments.
Secondary Research:
The secondary research is the data that has already been collected by various other researchers in the form of government analysis or scientific studies.
Qualitative Research:
It is descriptive and subjective method irrespective of facts. Both observation and description are essential in this type of research methodology. Its main vision is to analyze knowledge, attitudes, behaviours as well as opinions of people related to the topic of any research. This method has been operated through grounded research, case study and actionable research.
Quantitative Research:
It contains several laboratory experiments, basic surveys, mathematical calculations, simulations and so on. The possible measurement, quantity or amount is considered to be a major factor in the quantitative research methodology.
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